ACSSTW Conductor ZD CABLE

BARE CONDUCTOR

ACSS/TW Conductor ASTM B857

ACSS/TW Conductor to ASTM B857 is a compact bare overhead conductor of trapezoidal 1350-O (fully annealed) aluminium wires laid around a steel core that is zinc-coated, Zn-5Al-MM coated or aluminium-clad. The shaped wires fill the conductor cross-section more completely than round wires, and the steel core carries the mechanical load so the conductor can run at high temperatures with little sag. The TDS lists 37 equal-area and 34 equal-diameter sizes, with overall diameters of 14.73 mm to 44.7 mm.

ASTM B857 covers shaped-wire compact aluminium conductors that are steel supported (ACSS/TW) (ASTM B857 Clauses 1.1 and 1.3). Two designs are offered: equal-area sizes keep the aluminium area of a standard round-wire conductor in a smaller diameter, while equal-diameter sizes keep the diameter of a round-wire conductor and fit more aluminium into it. Strandings of one size are told apart by a type number, the approximate steel-to-aluminium area ratio in percent. Where the steel core is zinc-galvanized, industry practice limits the operating conductor temperature to 200 °C (Explanatory Note 8).

Conductor Construction

  • Aluminium wires: Trapezoidal 1350-O wires that meet ASTM B609 after stranding, apart from the shape and diameter tolerances, with an elongation of at least 20% (ASTM B857 Clause 5.1)
  • Steel core wires: Zinc-coated, Zn-5Al-MM coated or aluminium-clad steel wires in the regular, high, extra-high and ultra-high strength grades listed in the standard (ASTM B857 Clauses 5.2 and 8.2)
  • Core: Stranded to ASTM B500, or to ASTM B549 for an aluminium-clad core (ASTM B857 Clause 5.3)
  • Aluminium lay: Outer layer preferably 11 times the conductor diameter (10 to 13); the layer beneath preferably 13 times its diameter (10 to 16); inner layers 10 to 17 (ASTM B857 Clauses 7.1 to 7.3)
  • Core lay: 6-wire layer 16 to 26 times its diameter, 18-wire layer 14 to 20 times (ASTM B857 Clauses 7.4 to 7.6)
  • Lay direction: Outer layer right-hand unless ordered otherwise, reversed in successive layers (ASTM B857 Clauses 7.7 and 7.8)
  • Joints: Aluminium wires may be welded during stranding, with welds at least 15 m apart; the steel wires carry no joints (ASTM B857 Clauses 6.1 and 6.2)
  • Rated strength: The de-rating factors of Table 4 (aluminium 96%, steel 100%) applied to the summed wire strengths (ASTM B857 Clauses 9.1 to 9.3)
  • Diameter: 99% to 101% of the nominal value (ASTM B857 Clause 13.2)

Standard Strandings — Equal Aluminium Area Design

Aluminium / Steel Wires Aluminium Layers Steel Wires Code Words Listed Sizes
64/19 4 19 Bluebird 2156 kcmil
42/19 3 19 Falcon 1590 kcmil
39/19 3 19 Pheasant to Plover (3) 1272 to 1431 kcmil
38/19 3 19 Finch to Grackle (2) 1113 to 1192.5 kcmil
37/19 3 19 Chukar 1780 kcmil
36/7 3 7 Bobolink to Lapwing (2) 1431 to 1590 kcmil
35/7 3 7 Bittern to Dipper (2) 1272 to 1351.5 kcmil
33/7 3 7 Bluejay to Bunting (2) 1113 to 1192.5 kcmil
32/7 3 7 Rail to Ortolan (2) 954 to 1033.5 kcmil
30/7 3 7 Phoenix to Scissortail (5) 954 to 1272 kcmil
22/19 2 19 Mallard 795 kcmil
21/7 2 7 Curlew 1033.5 kcmil
20/7 2 7 Dove to Cardinal (5) 556.5 to 954 kcmil
18/7 2 7 Partridge to Puffin (6) 266.8 to 795 kcmil
17/7 2 7 Oriole to Tern (3) 336.4 to 795 kcmil

Standard Strandings — Equal Diameter Design

Aluminium / Steel Wires Aluminium Layers Steel Wires Code Words Listed Sizes
64/19 4 19 Powder to Santee (2) 2153.8 to 2627.3 kcmil
42/19 3 19 Cumberland 1926.9 kcmil
42/7 3 7 Athabaska 1949.6 kcmil
39/19 3 19 Thames to James (5) 1334.6 to 1730.6 kcmil
38/19 3 19 Yukon 1233.6 kcmil
37/7 3 7 Pee Dee 1758.6 kcmil
36/7 3 7 Mackenzie to Schuylkil (4) 1359.7 to 1657.4 kcmil
35/7 3 7 Fraser to Nelson (2) 946.7 to 1257.1 kcmil
33/7 3 7 Genesee to Platte (3) 1158 to 1569 kcmil
32/7 3 7 Kettle 957.2 kcmil
30/7 3 7 Cheyenne to Truckee (3) 1168.1 to 1372.5 kcmil
25/7 2 7 Hudson 1158.4 kcmil
22/7 2 7 Suwannee 959.6 kcmil
21/7 2 7 Columbia 966.2 kcmil
20/7 2 7 Calumet to Wabash, and one 1080 kcmil size without a code word (6) 565.3 to 1080 kcmil
18/7 2 7 Mohawk 571.7 kcmil

Numbers in brackets are the sizes listed for each construction. The TDS gives, for every code word, the conductor size, the aluminium wire and layer count, the steel core stranding and wire diameter, mass, the GA2/MA2 and GA3/MA3 rated strengths, overall diameter and d.c. resistance at 20 °C.

Typical Applications

  • Reconductoring existing lines for higher current on the same structures
  • Lines where a smaller diameter reduces wind and ice loads for the same aluminium area
  • Lines where more aluminium in the same diameter cuts losses
  • Lines that must carry high emergency loads with limited sag

ACSS/TW Conductor to ASTM B857 has trapezoidal 1350-O aluminium wires on a steel core. The table below summarises the construction and calculation values of the standard; the properties of every size are listed in the TDS tab.

Technical Characteristics

Applicable Standard ASTM B857
Standard Scope Shaped-wire compact concentric-lay-stranded aluminium conductors, steel supported (ACSS/TW)
Designs Equal aluminium area (37 sizes) and equal diameter (34 sizes)
Aluminium Wires Trapezoidal 1350-O (fully annealed) to ASTM B609
Core Types GA2, GC2, GA3, GA4, GA5; MA2 to MA5; AW2, AW3
Operating Temperature Up to 250 °C with a Zn-5Al-MM coated or aluminium-clad core; up to 200 °C with a zinc-galvanized core (Explanatory Note 8)
Aluminium Layers 2 to 4
Overall Diameter 14.73 mm to 44.7 mm
Diameter Tolerance 99% to 101% of nominal
Aluminium Area 98% to 102% of the specified area
Rating Factors Aluminium 96%; steel 100% (Table 4)
Lay Direction Outer layer right-hand; reversed in successive layers
Welds Aluminium wires only, at least 15 m apart; none in the steel wires

Ordering Information

Please state the quantity of each size; the code word or the conductor size with its type number; the design (equal area or equal diameter); the steel core type, for example GA2 or MA3; the direction of lay of the outer layer if other than right-hand; any tension test on the finished conductor; the place of inspection; the reel size and whether lagging is required; and any special package marking.

Equal Aluminium Area Design

Code Word Conductor Size Aluminium Stranding Steel Core Stranding Nominal Mass Rated Strength Nominal Outside Diameter D.C. Resistance at 20 °C
No. of Aluminium Wires No. of Layers No. of Wires Individual Strand Wire Diameter GA2/MA2 GA3/MA3
kcmil mm kg/km kN kN mm Ω/km
Partridge 266.8 18 2 7 2.002 545 39.59 43.15 14.73 0.2060
Oriole 336.4 17 2 7 2.690 783 65.83 72.50 17.60 0.1625
Flicker 477.0 18 2 7 2.388 911 57.82 63.16 19.81 0.1160
Hawk 477.0 18 2 7 2.675 975 69.39 76.06 20.07 0.1153
Hen 477.0 17 2 7 3.203 1110 93.41 100.97 20.96 0.1146
Parakeet 556.5 18 2 7 2.578 1062 67.61 73.84 21.34 0.0990
Dove 556.5 20 2 7 2.891 1137 80.95 88.52 21.59 0.0987
Rook 636.0 18 2 7 2.756 1217 76.95 84.51 22.61 0.0867
Grosbeak 636.0 20 2 7 3.089 1299 92.07 99.64 23.11 0.0863
Tern 795.0 17 2 7 2.250 1326 63.16 67.61 24.38 0.0697
Puffin 795.0 18 2 7 2.814 1449 84.07 91.63 24.89 0.0697
Condor 795.0 20 2 7 3.081 1518 96.52 103.64 25.15 0.0693
Drake 795.0 20 2 7 3.454 1623 115.20 124.54 25.65 0.0690
Mallard 795.0 22 2 19 2.482 1836 152.57 168.58 26.57 0.0688
Phoenix 954.0 30 3 7 2.126 1530 63.16 67.61 26.67 0.0587
Rail 954.0 32 3 7 2.466 1598 74.28 80.06 26.92 0.0583
Cardinal 954.0 20 2 7 3.376 1826 115.65 124.54 27.43 0.0577
Snowbird 1033.5 30 3 7 2.212 1658 68.50 72.95 27.69 0.0540
Ortolan 1033.5 32 3 7 2.565 1731 80.51 86.74 27.94 0.0540
Curlew 1033.5 21 2 7 3.513 1973 125.43 134.77 28.70 0.0533
Avocet 1113.0 30 3 7 2.296 1784 72.50 77.84 28.70 0.0500
Bluejay 1113.0 33 3 7 2.664 1864 86.74 93.41 28.96 0.0500
Finch 1113.0 38 3 19 2.189 2123 135.22 147.67 30.23 0.0497
Oxbird 1192.5 30 3 7 2.377 1912 77.84 83.18 29.72 0.0467
Bunting 1192.5 33 3 7 2.756 1997 92.96 100.08 29.97 0.0467
Grackle 1192.5 38 3 19 2.266 2275 145.00 157.90 30.99 0.0467
Scissortail 1272.0 30 3 7 2.456 2040 83.18 88.96 30.48 0.0440
Bittern 1272.0 35 3 7 2.847 2131 99.19 106.75 30.99 0.0437
Pheasant 1272.0 39 3 19 2.339 2425 151.68 165.91 32.00 0.0437
Dipper 1351.5 35 3 7 2.934 2263 105.42 113.42 32.00 0.0413
Martin 1351.5 39 3 19 2.410 2577 161.02 176.14 33.02 0.0410
Bobolink 1431.0 36 3 7 3.020 2397 111.64 120.10 32.77 0.0390
Plover 1431.0 39 3 19 2.482 2729 170.80 186.37 34.04 0.0387
Lapwing 1590.0 36 3 7 3.183 2664 124.10 131.66 34.54 0.0350
Falcon 1590.0 42 3 19 2.616 3033 189.48 207.28 35.81 0.0350
Chukar 1780.0 37 3 19 2.220 3067 157.01 169.91 36.83 0.0313
Bluebird 2156.0 64 4 19 2.441 3738 187.26 202.38 40.89 0.0260

Equal Diameter Design

Code Word Conductor Size Aluminium Stranding Steel Core Stranding Nominal Mass Rated Strength Nominal Outside Diameter D.C. Resistance at 20 °C
No. of Aluminium Wires No. of Layers No. of Wires Individual Strand Wire Diameter GA2/MA2 GA3/MA3
kcmil mm kg/km kN kN mm Ω/km
Mohawk 571.7 18 2 7 2.616 1092 69.39 76.06 21.59 0.0963
Calumet 565.3 20 2 7 2.911 1155 81.84 89.85 21.84 0.0973
Mystic 666.6 20 2 7 2.822 1274 80.95 88.52 23.11 0.0827
Oswego 664.8 20 2 7 3.160 1359 96.52 104.08 23.62 0.0827
Maumee 768.2 20 2 7 3.035 1469 93.41 102.30 24.89 0.0717
Wabash 762.8 20 2 7 3.381 1558 110.76 119.21 25.15 0.0720
Kettle 957.2 32 3 7 2.471 1604 74.73 80.51 26.92 0.0583
Fraser 946.7 35 3 7 2.931 1696 93.85 101.86 27.43 0.0587
Columbia 966.2 21 2 7 3.399 1845 117.43 125.88 27.69 0.0573
Suwannee 959.6 22 2 7 3.792 1960 136.55 147.23 28.19 0.0573
– 1080.0 20 2 7 2.624 1802 84.07 90.74 28.70 0.0517
Cheyenne 1168.1 30 3 7 2.352 1873 76.51 81.40 29.46 0.0477
Genesee 1158.0 33 3 7 2.738 1945 91.18 98.30 29.72 0.0480
Hudson 1158.4 25 2 7 3.726 2214 138.33 149.01 30.48 0.0477
Catawba 1272.0 30 3 7 2.456 2040 83.18 88.96 30.48 0.0440
Nelson 1257.1 35 3 7 2.832 2107 98.30 105.86 30.73 0.0443
Yukon 1233.6 38 3 19 2.311 2357 147.67 161.46 31.75 0.0450
Truckee 1372.5 30 3 7 2.550 2201 89.85 95.63 31.75 0.0407
Mackenzie 1359.7 36 3 7 2.944 2278 106.31 114.31 32.00 0.0410
Thames 1334.6 39 3 19 2.398 2546 159.24 173.92 32.77 0.0417
St.Croix 1467.8 33 3 7 2.644 2356 96.08 102.75 32.77 0.0380
Miramichi 1455.3 36 3 7 3.048 2439 113.87 120.54 33.02 0.0383
Merrimack 1433.6 39 3 19 2.484 2735 170.80 186.82 34.04 0.0387
Platte 1569.0 33 3 7 2.728 2516 102.75 109.42 33.78 0.0357
Potomac 1557.4 36 3 7 3.152 2610 121.43 128.99 34.29 0.0357
Rio Grande 1533.3 39 3 19 2.570 2925 183.26 200.16 35.05 0.0363
Schuylkil 1657.4 36 3 7 3.251 2777 129.44 137.44 35.31 0.0337
Pecos 1622.0 39 3 19 2.703 3132 200.16 219.29 36.07 0.0340
Pee Dee 1758.6 37 3 7 3.350 2946 137.44 145.89 36.32 0.0317
James 1730.6 39 3 19 2.731 3302 206.39 225.96 37.34 0.0320
Athabaska 1949.6 42 3 7 3.536 3269 152.57 162.35 38.10 0.0287
Cumberland 1926.9 42 3 19 2.878 3674 229.52 250.87 39.37 0.0287
Powder 2153.8 64 4 19 2.441 3735 187.26 202.38 40.64 0.0260
Santee 2627.3 64 4 19 2.697 4558 228.18 247.31 44.70 0.0213

Wire and Conductor Tests

  • In accordance with ASTM B857 Clause 14.1, the trapezoidal 1350-O wires are tested after stranding for tensile strength and elongation against ASTM B609.
  • In accordance with ASTM B857 Clause 14.2, the resistivity of the aluminium wires is checked, at a frequency agreed between the parties.
  • In accordance with ASTM B857 Clause 14.4, the steel core wires are tested before stranding for the properties of their own specification.
  • In accordance with ASTM B857 Clause 9.4, when a breaking test on the finished conductor is agreed, the result is not below the rated strength, or not below 95% of it when the break is inside or within 25 mm of a grip.

Construction and Dimensional Checks

  • In accordance with ASTM B857 Clause 8.1, the construction of each size is checked against Table 1 or Table 2.
  • In accordance with ASTM B857 Clause 13.1, the aluminium area is 98% to 102% of the specified value, with ASTM B263 deciding in case of doubt.
  • In accordance with ASTM B857 Clause 13.2, the finished diameter is measured with a diameter tape between the closing die and the capstan and stays within 99% to 101% of nominal.
  • In accordance with ASTM B857 Clauses 7.1 to 7.9, the lay factor and direction of every aluminium and core layer are checked against the limits of Section 7.
  • In accordance with ASTM B857 Clauses 6.1 and 6.2, welds in the aluminium wires are at least 15 m apart and the steel wires carry no joints.
  • In accordance with ASTM B857 Clause 12.1, the finished conductor is clean and free of imperfections that do not agree with good commercial practice.

Inspection, Packaging and Marking

  • In accordance with ASTM B857 Clauses 15.1 to 15.3, inspections and tests are made at the place of production unless agreed otherwise at the time of purchase, and the purchaser’s inspector is given reasonable access.
  • In accordance with ASTM B857 Clauses 16.1 to 16.3, the conductor is shipped on reels holding a single length each and is protected against damage in ordinary handling and shipping.
  • In accordance with ASTM B857 Clause 16.4, a tag inside each reel gives the net mass, length, size, kind of conductor, stranding and the type and class of coating, and the outside of the reel carries the purchase order number, any serial number and the shipping marks.

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